An antioxidant is a molecule that helps prevent or inhibit oxidative damage to cells and tissues in the body. Oxidative damage is a process that occurs when there is an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the body’s ability to neutralize them using antioxidants.
ROS are highly reactive molecules that contain oxygen and can be generated through various biological processes, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices, such as exposure to pollution, UV radiation, and unhealthy foods.
Oxidative damage can lead to cellular stress, inflammation, and a variety of health issues, including aging, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer.
Antioxidants counteract oxidative stress by donating electrons to ROS, neutralizing their harmful effects and preventing cellular damage.
Common dietary antioxidants include vitamins such as vitamin C, vitamin E, and beta-carotene (a precursor to vitamin A), as well as minerals like selenium and zinc. These antioxidants are found in various fruits, vegetables, nuts, and seeds. Other naturally occurring antioxidants include polyphenols, flavonoids, and certain enzymes.
Consuming a diet rich in antioxidants is generally considered beneficial for overall health, as it may help protect cells and tissues from oxidative damage and reduce the risk of chronic diseases. However, the effects of antioxidants can vary depending on factors such as the type of antioxidant, its concentration, and an individual’s overall health status.
